Additive vs Subtractive:
Space and form can be perceived as an additive or subtractive composition.
An additive composition is one in which pieces appear to have been combined together to create the whole, much like pieces of clay added on to one another.
A subtractive composition is one in which bits appear to have been chipped away from a monolithic block, much like a sculptor chips away pieces until the final sculpture is visible. The eye fills in missing parts to see a whole solid as the unity of composition.
Contrast:
Our perception is relative. That is, we often perceive things in how they contrast or differ from other things. Sometimes we perceive them as similar or the same. Human perception tends to compare and contrast, thus if we are mindful of the mechanisms of perception, design could be used to steer or influence (but not control) perceptions.
Create contrasts in materials, sizes of adjacent spaces, proportions of details, to make those details stand out.
In particular, use contrast in places where you need to get attention - such as directing people's attention to the entry of a building.
Examples of contrasts include: round vs square, tall vs short, dark vsslight, hard vs soft, smooth vs rough, cocave vs convex, many vs few, simple vs complex.
In particular, use contrast in places where you need to get attention - such as directing people's attention to the entry of a building.
Examples of contrasts include: round vs square, tall vs short, dark vsslight, hard vs soft, smooth vs rough, cocave vs convex, many vs few, simple vs complex.
Perception:
When designing a building, structure or other built environment, consider the ways in which it can be perceived:
- By senses - not just sight, but sound, temperature, touch, even smell
- By reason and intellect
- By emotions - excitement, comfort, etc.
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